NWA runs training courses for all stakeholders in: HEC soft mitigation Quick identification Habitat evaluation/management Capture/recapture census NWA runs training courses

NWA has started an initiative to collect all available methods used in HEC mitigation from throughout the world. These methods will then be independently evaluated: Acceptance Meassurability Affordability Effectiveness All acceptable and effective methods should the be compiled into a comprehensive toolbox from which individual HEC mitigation plans for each area can be developed. Cost

NWA is currently developing and testing methods for large scale, sustainable removal and control of invasive plants like Chromolaena Odorata, Lantana Camara and others. This project includes authorities, scientists and local communities. Providing tools for invasive plants control

NWA is using large numbers of camera traps placed in strategic positions determined by careful study of the habitat areas. Collected photographs will be evaluated using NWA’s Quick ID method. The result is a comprehensive catalogue of the elephants present in a certain habitat as well as seasonal patterns and other data. Capture/recapture is usually

To reduce Human Elephant conflict within any elephant range NWA is assessing carrying capacities and ways to improve. Ideally carrying capacity should be at least 3 times actual population size, to get there food, water and safety for wild elephants have to be evaluated; improvements can come from removal of invasive plants, creation of additional

NWA designs and builds effective early warning alarm fences to be used by professionally trained elephant teams. These alarm fences are cheap, easy to set up and operate and are proven to be highly effective when operated by elephant teams. Set up along forest/protected area edges, the alarm alerts the elephant teams. They will then